Acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene: chemical production of key raw materials

In the chemical industry, acrylonitrile (NC-100), butadiene (Diene), styrene (Styrene) are regarded as important basic materials. They not only play a key role in polymerization reactions, but are also widely used in the manufacture of plastics, rubber, fibers and other products. This article will analyze in detail the characteristics, production process and application of these three substances in industry.

1. acrylonitrile: the core raw material

Acrylonitrile is a colorless liquid with the molecular formula C3H3N, a density of 0.941g/cm³ and a melting point of -168°C. It is a highly unsaturated organic substance with poor chemical stability and easy to react with other substances. In the polymerization reaction, acrylonitrile is an important raw material of polypropylene (HDPE, LDPE).

The structural characteristics of acrylonitrile make it have a high degree of molecular elasticity, so that it forms a stable polymer chain during the polymerization process. The strength and temperature stability of its polymer materials are limited, so it is necessary to improve its performance by adding stabilizers and fillers in the production process.

Acrylonitrile is widely used in the plastics industry, especially in the production of medium and high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE). Acrylonitrile is also used in synthetic fibers, rubber and plastic products.

, 2. butadiene: double bond polymerization of typical substances

Butadiene is a colorless gas or liquid with the molecular formula C4H6, which usually exists as a gas at room temperature. Its molecular structure contains two double bonds, which makes it have good stability. Butadiene has a density of 1.002g/cm³ and a melting point of -112°C. In the polymerization reaction, butadiene is an important raw material of polybutadiene (PD).

Polybutadiene is widely used in rubber industry because of its excellent cold resistance and processing performance. Butadiene can also be converted to other polymers, such as styrene, by polymerization.

3. Styrene: An Important Material

Styrene is a colorless liquid with a molecular formula of C6H5CH2CH2, a density of 0.884g/cm³ and a boiling point of 100.6°C. Its molecular structure contains benzene ring and double bond, which makes it have good stability and processability. In the polymerization reaction, styrene is an important raw material of polystyrene (PPS, PV).

Polystyrene is widely used in the plastics industry for its excellent heat resistance and low density. Styrene can also be converted by polymerization to other polymers such as polypropylene and polybutadiene.

Acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene are indispensable raw materials in chemical production. They play a key role in polymerization reactions and provide basic materials for the manufacture of plastics, rubber, fibers and other products. Through scientific production technology and reasonable application, we can give full play to the performance of these substances and promote the development of industry.