Difference between benzoyl chloride and chlorobenzene

Comparison of Basic Properties of 1.

1. molecular structure and stability

• the molecular formula of benzoyl chloride is C, H, Cl, O, is a colorless liquid, liquid or solid at room temperature, slightly soluble in water. Its molecular structure makes it highly acidic and can react with alkaline substances.
• The molecular formula of chlorobenzene is C≡H�, which is a solid and slightly soluble or insoluble in water at room temperature. The molecular structure of chlorobenzene is stable and not easy to decompose, but it may be active under strong alkali conditions.

1. melting point and boiling point

• the melting point of benzoyl chloride is 80-85°C, the boiling point is 209°C, and the density is 1.22g/cm³, which has strong volatility.
• Chlorobenzene has a melting point of 47°C, a boiling point of 133°C, a density of 1.493g/cm³, and is relatively viscous.

1. solubility and flammability

• benzoyl chloride is slightly soluble in water and readily soluble in organic solvents, but does not support combustion.
• Chlorobenzene is slightly soluble in water, does not support combustion, and has certain toxicity.

Comparison of 2. chemical reaction properties

1. acidic and alkaline reaction

• benzoyl chloride has strong acidity and can react with alkaline substances (such as NaOH) to generate the corresponding benzamides.
• Chlorobenzene itself is not reactive, but may be slightly reactive under strong alkaline conditions.

1. stability and decomposition

• benzoyl chloride is easily decomposed under light to generate benzoic acid and hydrogen chloride gas.
• Chlorobenzene is relatively stable under light, but may decompose under high temperature, high pressure or strong reduction conditions.

Comparison of 3. use areas

1. industrial Applications

• benzoyl chloride is widely used in pharmaceutical, agrochemicals and petrochemical fields. For example, it is used in the manufacture of antibiotics, pesticides and adjuvants, etc.
• Chlorobenzene is used in the manufacture of chlorobenzene drugs, disinfectants and rubber processing aids.

1. Environmental impact

• benzoyl chloride may cause certain toxicity to the human body and the environment during use, but its decomposition is faster and has less impact on the environment.
• Chlorobenzene is highly toxic and may accumulate in environmental media, causing a greater impact on ecosystems.

4. production and storage conditions

1. production conditions

• the production of benzoyl chloride requires strict control of temperature and humidity to avoid decomposition. Store in a cool, dry environment.
• The production of chlorobenzene also requires control of temperature and humidity, but its stability is high and the storage conditions are relatively loose.

1. Storage requirements

• both compounds need to be stored in a cool, dry environment to prevent decomposition and contamination.

5. Summary

there are significant differences between benzoyl chloride and chlorobenzene in many aspects, including molecular structure, physical properties, chemical reaction characteristics and application fields. Understanding these differences is important for chemical practitioners to choose the right materials and processes. Benzoyl chloride is highly acidic and easily reacts with other substances, while chlorobenzene is more stable, but may be active under certain conditions. In practical applications, the selection of suitable compounds requires a comprehensive consideration of their physical and chemical properties, as well as the harm to the environment and the human body.