Acetone storage tank explosion-proof design specification?

Acetone is a flammable and volatile organic compound, which is widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and other industries. Due to the characteristics of acetone, there is a risk of explosion during its storage, so the explosion-proof design of acetone storage tank is particularly important. This article will analyze the explosion-proof design specifications of acetone storage tanks in detail from many aspects to help relevant industry personnel better understand and implement these design requirements.

1. Tank material selection and anti-corrosion treatment

The material selection of acetone storage tank is the first step in explosion-proof design. Because acetone is highly corrosive, the storage tank material must have good corrosion resistance. Common choices include carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloys, etc. In order to ensure the corrosion resistance of the material, the surface of the storage tank needs to be treated with anti-corrosion treatment, such as epoxy resin coating or hot dip zinc process. The choice of material also needs to consider its strength and rigidity to ensure the safety of the tank in high temperature, high pressure or vibration environment.

2. Pressure relief and breathing valve design

The acetone storage tank will produce volatile gas during use. If the gas cannot be discharged in time, it may cause the pressure in the tank to be too high and increase the risk of explosion. Therefore, the tank must be equipped with an efficient pressure relief device, such as a breather valve. The function of the breathing valve is to automatically open when the pressure in the tank exceeds the set value, releasing excess gas, and preventing oxygen in the outside air from entering the tank to avoid explosion caused by excessive gas concentration. Breather valves shall be designed according to DIN or ANSI standards to ensure reliable performance under different operating conditions.

3. Explosion-proof electrical equipment and isolation system

Electrical equipment such as temperature sensors, level gauges and switches are usually installed inside the tank. Due to the flammable nature of acetone gas, these devices must be explosion-proof to prevent electrical sparks from causing an explosion. Common explosion-proof electrical equipment includes intrinsically safe (intrinsically safe) and flameproof equipment. The tank should also be equipped with an isolation system, such as an inert gas protection device, to reduce the concentration of acetone vapor in the tank by filling it with an inert gas such as nitrogen, further reducing the risk of explosion.

4. Ventilation and temperature control

The ventilation system of acetone storage tank is an important part of explosion-proof design. Because acetone vapor is lighter than air, it is easy to accumulate at the top of the tank, forming a high concentration of combustible gas layer. Therefore, the storage tank needs to install efficient ventilation equipment, such as axial flow fans or roof fans, to ensure that the gas in the tank can be discharged in time to avoid excessive gas concentration. The temperature control system of the storage tank also needs to be focused on. The boiling point of acetone is low, and the increase in temperature will significantly increase the evaporation rate. Therefore, it is necessary to install temperature monitoring equipment and provide a cooling system to maintain the temperature in the tank within a safe range.

5. Lightning protection and anti-static design

Electrostatic discharge may also cause an explosion due to the accumulation of static electricity on the inner wall of the acetone tank and the surface of the liquid. Therefore, the storage tank must take effective anti-static measures, such as the installation of electrostatic grounding devices and conductive material lining. The tank shall also have a lightning protection system, such as a lightning rod or a lightning net, to prevent sparks caused by lightning.

6. Safety monitoring and alarm system

In order to monitor the safety status of the storage tank in real time, a variety of safety monitoring devices need to be integrated in the explosion-proof design. For example, the combustible gas detector can monitor the concentration of acetone vapor in the tank in real time and trigger an alarm when the lower explosion limit is reached. Pressure sensors and temperature sensors can monitor the pressure and temperature changes in the tank to ensure that they are within safe limits. When an abnormal situation is detected, the alarm system will issue an alarm in time to remind the operator to take corresponding measures.

7. Tank installation and maintenance specification

The installation of acetone storage tanks must also follow strict design specifications. For example, storage tanks should be installed in a well-ventilated location, away from fire and high temperature areas, and ensure that they maintain a sufficient safe distance from other equipment and buildings. Storage tanks shall be installed in accordance with local building codes and environmental requirements. Regular maintenance and inspection is also an important part of explosion-proof design. Operators should regularly check the tightness of the storage tank, the explosion-proof performance of electrical equipment, and the operating status of the monitoring system to ensure the long-term safe operation of the storage tank.

Summary

The explosion-proof design of acetone storage tank involves comprehensive consideration of many aspects, including material selection, pressure relief design, anti-static and lightning protection measures, ventilation and temperature control, safety monitoring system, etc. Only in strict accordance with the relevant norms and standards for design and implementation, in order to effectively reduce the risk of tank explosion, to ensure the safety and reliability of chemical production. In practical applications, it is recommended that relevant companies refer to international and domestic industry standards and seek technical support from professional institutions to ensure that the safety performance of storage tanks reaches the best level.