Acetone wastewater treatment commonly used biological filter technology principle

With the accelerating process of industrialization, the problem of wastewater produced in the chemical industry, especially in the production of acetone, has been paid more and more attention. Acetone wastewater contains a large amount of organic matter, toxic substances and refractory compounds. If it is not effectively treated, it will pose a serious threat to the environment and ecosystem. As a common wastewater treatment method, biofilter technology has been widely used in acetone wastewater treatment because of its high efficiency, economy and environmental friendliness. This paper will analyze in detail the principle and application of biofilter technology commonly used in acetone wastewater treatment.

1. acetone wastewater sources and treatment requirements

Acetone is an important chemical raw material, widely used in pharmaceutical, coatings, plastics and other industries. In the process of acetone production, a large amount of wastewater containing acetone and other organic substances is produced. These wastewater usually contain high concentrations of organic matter, such as acetone, ketones, methanol, etc., and may also contain salts, heavy metals and other toxic substances. If these substances are directly discharged into the environment, they will not only pollute the water body, but also cause harm to the ecosystem and human health.

Therefore, the treatment of acetone wastewater is particularly important. Traditional physical and chemical treatment methods, such as extraction, distillation, coagulation and sedimentation, can remove pollutants in wastewater to a certain extent, but there are problems such as high cost, low efficiency and easy to produce secondary pollution. In contrast, biofilter technology has become one of the preferred methods for acetone wastewater treatment due to its high efficiency, economy and environmental friendliness.

2. biofilter technology fundamentals

Biofilter is a wastewater treatment technology based on the principle of biodegradation, which is mainly used to treat wastewater containing organic matter. The basic principle is to use the microbial community in the filter to decompose and transform the organic matter in the wastewater, and finally convert the organic matter into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water.

The core of the biofilter is the filter filler, which is usually made of inorganic materials (such as ceramsite, coke, plastic, etc.). These fillers have a large specific surface area and good air permeability, providing an ideal attachment environment for the growth of microorganisms. During the operation of the filter, wastewater containing acetone passes through the filter packing and comes into contact with microorganisms. Through adsorption, degradation and oxidation, microorganisms convert organic matter in wastewater into low molecular weight organic matter, and finally decompose into carbon dioxide and water.

3. acetone wastewater treatment in biological filter application process

In acetone wastewater treatment, biofilter technology usually includes the following steps:

1. Pre-processing stage Before the wastewater enters the biofilter, pretreatment is usually required to remove solid impurities, suspended matter and other substances that may affect the activity of microorganisms in the wastewater. Pretreatment methods include grille, sedimentation tank, coagulation sedimentation, etc.

2. Biodegradation stage In the pre-treated wastewater, there is a high concentration of organic matter, which provides a rich source of nutrients for the microorganisms in the biofilter. Microorganisms in the filter form a biofilm by attaching to the surface of the filler. When wastewater flows through the biofilm, microorganisms use the organic matter in the wastewater as a carbon source and energy source, and decompose it into carbon dioxide, water and a small amount of inorganic salts.

3. Post-processing stage The wastewater treated by the biofilter usually needs advanced treatment to further remove residual organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants. Common post-treatment methods include activated carbon adsorption, ozone oxidation, reverse osmosis, etc. These methods can effectively remove pollutants that are difficult to remove through biological degradation and ensure that the effluent meets the discharge standards.

4. biofilter technology in acetone wastewater treatment

Compared with the traditional physical and chemical treatment methods, the biological filter technology has significant advantages in the treatment of acetone wastewater:

1. efficient degradation of organic matter The microorganisms in the biofilter have high degradation ability, especially the degradation efficiency of acetone. Microorganisms can convert acetone into harmless carbon dioxide and water through a variety of metabolic pathways, thus achieving efficient removal of acetone.

2. Low operating cost The operating cost of biofilter technology is relatively low. Compared with chemical treatment methods, the biological filter does not require a large amount of chemical reagents, and the cultivation and management of microorganisms are relatively simple, the operation cycle is long, and the maintenance cost is low.

3. Environment friendly Biofilter technology is an environmentally friendly treatment method. In the process of treatment, the metabolic activities of microorganisms will not produce secondary pollution, and the treated water can be recycled, reducing the pressure on the environment.

5. biofilter technology development and future prospects

With the increasingly stringent environmental regulations and the continuous progress of technology, the application prospect of biofilter technology in acetone wastewater treatment will be broader. Future directions may include the following:

1. Optimizing Filter Structure and Packing The treatment efficiency and stability of the biofilter are further improved by improving the structural design and filler materials of the biofilter. For example, new fillers with higher specific surface area and better air permeability are developed to improve the growth efficiency of microorganisms.

2. Enhanced biodegradability By optimizing the culture conditions of microorganisms and introducing highly efficient degradation bacteria, the degradation efficiency of acetone in biofilter was further improved. Research on new bioaugmentation technologies, such as genetic engineering, may provide new ideas for the development of biofilter technology.

3. intelligent control With the development of artificial intelligence and automation technology, the future biological filter will be more intelligent. Through the real-time monitoring and control system, the operating parameters of the filter tank are optimized, the processing efficiency is improved and the operating cost is reduced.

As an efficient, economical and environment-friendly wastewater treatment method, biofilter technology has important application value in acetone wastewater treatment. With the continuous progress and innovation of technology, biofilter technology will play a more important role in the future environmental protection, and provide strong support for solving the problem of wastewater pollution in the chemical industry.