Difference Between Acrylonitrile and Acrylonitrile

In the chemical industry, acryl cyanide (Cyanuric Acids) and acrylonitrile (Acrylonitrile) are two important organic compounds, because of their chemical structure and performance differences, widely used in plastics, rubber manufacturing, textiles, electronic materials and other fields. This article will analyze the differences between acrylonitrile and acrylonitrile in detail from the aspects of definition, chemical structure, physical properties, production process, application field and safety performance, so as to help readers better understand the characteristics of these two substances and their application in industrial production.

1. of Acrylonitrile and Acrylonitrile: Definitions and Chemical Structures

1.1 Propylene Cyanide: Definition and Chemical Structure

Propylene cyanide is a binary primary compound with the chemical formula C2H2N2, which is composed of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen elements. It is a compound containing cyano (Cyanide), which has strong reducibility and is an important organic nitrogen compound. The molecular structure of propylene cyanide is that two methyl groups (CH2) are connected by a double bond, and the two nitrogen atoms are respectively connected to the same carbon atom of the methyl group to form a planar structure.

1 underside acrylonitrile definition and chemical structure

Acrylonitrile (Acrylonitrile), whose chemical formula is C3H5N, is a ternary primary compound containing a-CN group. The molecular structure of acrylonitrile consists of a propenyl group (C3H5) and a double-bonded nitrogen atom, with a carbon-carbon double bond and a double bond attached to a nitrogen atom. Acrylonitrile is an important monomer for the synthesis of polyolefins.

2. Propylene Cyanide and Acrylonitrile Physical Properties

2.1 physical properties comparison

There are significant differences in the physical properties of propylene cyanide and acrylonitrile, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. Melting point and boiling point: propylene cyanide has a melting point of -110°C and a boiling point of -5°C, which is a volatile liquid; while acrylonitrile has a melting point of -15°C and a boiling point of -26°C. In contrast, acrylonitrile has a lower boiling point and is slightly less volatile.

2. Density: The density of propylene cyanide is 1.17g/cm³, the density of acrylonitrile is 0.89g/cm³, and propylene cyanide is slightly higher than acrylonitrile.

3. Solubility: The solubility of propylene cyanide in water is low, but the solubility in organic solvents is high; the solubility of acrylonitrile in water is lower, but the solubility in organic solvents is relatively good.

4. Stability: Acrylonitrile has poor stability at room temperature and is easy to decompose; acrylonitrile is relatively stable, but it may also decompose under certain conditions.

3. Propylene Cyanide and Acrylonitrile Production Process

3.1 Propylene Cyanide Production Process

The production of propylene cyanide is usually achieved by the carbonylation reaction of ammonia (Catalytic Ammonization Reaction), the specific steps are as follows:

1. First, the carbonylation reaction of propylene and water vapor is carried out under the action of a catalyst to produce propylene cyanide and water.

2. After the reaction, the propylene cyanide is separated from the mixed gas by a condensation and separation process.

In the production process of propylene cyanide, the role of catalyst is very important, and the common catalysts include iron-based catalysts and acidic catalysts.

3 of the production process

Acrylonitrile production using propylene and cyanide salts (such as sodium carbonate) in the catalyst under the addition reaction:

1. The addition reaction of propylene and sodium cyanide in the presence of a catalyst produces acrylonitrile and the corresponding hydrochloric acid.

2. The reaction mixture is passed through a filtration and separation device to separate the acrylonitrile from the other products.

The production process of acrylonitrile is similar to that of propylene cyanide, but the choice of catalyst and reaction conditions are different.

4. Propylene Cyanide and Acrylonitrile Applications

4.1 Application Fields

of Propylene Cyanide

Because of its strong reducibility, propylene cyanide is widely used in the following fields:

1. Tribology: Acrylonitrile is commonly used as a processing aid and lubricant, which can significantly improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of materials.

2. Textile industry: Acrylonitrile is an important synthetic dye used in the synthesis of dyeing agents, which can give fabrics rich colors and bright patterns.

3. Electronics industry: Acrylonitrile is used in the insulation materials of wires and cables, which can effectively improve the electrical insulation properties of materials.

4.2 acrylonitrile application field

As an important monomer, acrylonitrile is mainly used in the synthesis of polyolefin materials:

1. Plastics industry: Acrylonitrile is an important monomer of polypropylene (PP) and polyacrylonitrile (TPU), which is widely used in electronic packaging materials, industrial components and packaging materials.

2. Rubber industry: acrylonitrile generates rubber monomer through polymerization reaction, which is used to manufacture rubber products, such as rubber sealing strips and tires.

3. Textile industry: C- microfibrils (Nylon 66) can be prepared from acrylonitrile derivatives for the manufacture of fiber materials.

5. of Acrylonitrile and Acrylonitrile Safety and Storage

5.1 security

Propylene cyanide and acrylonitrile have certain safety hazards in industrial applications, as follows:

1. Acrylonitrile: It has a strong pungent odor and may cause burns when in contact with skin and eyes. Its stability is poor, easy to decompose under high temperature or light, resulting in toxic by-products.

2. Acrylonitrile: Weak odor, toxic, contact with the skin may cause burns. Its stability is good, but it may also decompose at high temperature or under certain conditions.

5.2 storage

In order to avoid the safety risks of acrylonitrile and acrylonitrile, the following storage measures should be taken:

1. Propylene cyanide: should be stored in a well-ventilated cool warehouse, avoid direct sunlight. A dust cover should be used during storage to prevent fires and explosions caused by dust in the air.

2. Acrylonitrile: Store away from fire and oxidant, use leak-proof containers, and mark warning signs on the containers.

6. summary

Acrylonitrile and acrylonitrile as two important organic compounds, although there are significant differences in the structure and properties, but in industrial applications have an irreplaceable role. Acrylonitrile is used in tribology, textile industry and electronic industry for its strong reducibility, while acrylonitrile, as a monomer for the synthesis of polyolefins, is widely used in plastics, rubber and textile fields. When choosing which substances to use, industrial producers need to make scientific decisions based on specific process requirements and safety considerations.

Through the detailed analysis of this paper, it is believed that readers have a deeper understanding of the difference between acrylonitrile and acrylonitrile, so that they can be more handy in practical applications.