888CHEM
The difference between acetic acid and acetic acid
1. Definition and Chemical Formula
From the chemical definition, acetic acid and acetic anhydride are derived from the dehydration reaction of acetic acid, but there are significant differences in their structures and properties.
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Acetic Acid The chemical formula of acetic acid is CHYCOOH, which is a liquid organic compound with a boiling point of 118.5°C and a density of 1.049g/cm³. It is a commonly used acid in industrial production, with weak acidity, widely used in food, pharmaceutical and industrial production.
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Acetic anhydride (Ac,Ac₂ O) The chemical formula of acetic anhydride is (CO₂) CO₂ O, which is a white solid and powder at room temperature. It is a strong water absorption material, widely used in industrial production of dehydrating agent and catalyst.
2. physical properties and structural differences
- Physical Properties
- Acetic acid: Colorless liquid, with strong odor, flammable.
- Acetic anhydride: white powdery solid, odorless, easy to absorb moisture.
- Structural differences
- Acetic acid molecules contain carboxylic acid groups (COOH), with acidic.
- Acetic anhydride molecules do not have carboxylic acid groups, but by two acetic acid molecules dehydrated, is an oxide.
- Solubility
- Acetic acid in water completely soluble, and soluble in ethanol.
- Acetic anhydride in water is slightly soluble, but often in powder form, need to be used as a catalyst by a special method of purification.
3. preparation method
There are significant differences in the preparation methods of acetic acid and acetic anhydride:
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preparation of acetic acid Acetic acid can be obtained by the reaction of ethanol and acetic anhydride, the specific reaction formula is: CH₃CH₂OH CO₂ → CH₃COOH H₂O or by direct oxidation of ethanol: CH₃CH₂OH → CH₃COOH
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Preparation of Acetic Anhydride Acetic anhydride is usually obtained by heating acetic acid and removing water vapor: 2 CH₃COOH → (CO₂)₂O 2 H₂O Or by other methods, such as oxidation of ethanol or other organics.
4. application field
1. Acetic acid application
Acetic acid is widely used in several fields:
- Industrial: acetic acid is the manufacture of acetic anhydride important raw materials, but also many industrial products (such as plastic additives) and solvent raw materials.
- Food industry: acetic acid has anti-corrosion, seasoning and sterilization effect, is the food industry in the common additives.
- Pharmaceutical: for the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates, with acidic environment stability and biocompatibility.
2. Acetic anhydride application
The application of acetic anhydride is mainly concentrated in the field of catalysis and water absorption:
- Catalyst: acetic anhydride in the catalytic synthesis of ammonia, urea and other reactions play an important role.
- Water absorbent material: used in construction, textile and other industries, with good water absorption and stability.
- Petroleum processing: in petroleum dehydration and catalytic cracking process, acetic anhydride plays a key role.
short five paragraph summary
Acetic acid and acetic anhydride are two closely related but different Anhydride. Acetic acid is a liquid organic acid, used in food, pharmaceutical and industrial production; and acetic anhydride is a white powder of strong water absorption material, mainly used as a catalyst and water absorption agent. There are significant differences in the preparation and application of the two, and the selection of suitable materials is essential to improve production efficiency and environmental performance. Understanding their differences can help to make more informed decisions in industrial production and scientific research.
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