Difference between acetonitrile and dichloroacetonitrile

Acetonitrile (Acetone) and dichloroacetonitrile (DCE) are two substances widely used in the chemical industry, but they are significantly different in their properties and applications. This article will analyze the differences between acetonitrile and DCE in detail to help readers better understand the characteristics of these two substances and their applications in different industries.

1. Basic Physical Properties Comparison

1. Molecular structure and appearance

The chemical formula of acetonitrile is C₂ H₂ N₂, which is a colorless and transparent liquid that is liquid at room temperature. The chemical formula of dichloroacetonitrile (DCE) is C₂ H₂ Cl₂, which is a colorless solid and solid at room temperature.

2. Boiling Point and Density

Acetonitrile has a boiling point of 82°C and a density of 0.785g/cm³, with a lower boiling point and greater density. The boiling point of DCE is as high as 349 ℃, the density is about 0.723g/cm³, the boiling point is very high and the density is small.

3. Solubility and volatility

Acetonitrile is easily soluble in organic solvents at room temperature and has high volatility. DCE is less volatile and is often used in fire fighting and as a solvent.

2. Chemical Properties Comparison

1. Chlorine element difference

Acetonitrile does not contain chlorine, while DCE contains two chlorine atoms. The presence of chlorine makes DCE unique in some applications.

2. Reactivity

Acetonitrile shows good reactivity in some organic chemical reactions, while DCE has more advantages in reactions containing chlorine atoms, such as the manufacture of organic chlorine compounds.

3. Use Differences

1. Applied to solvent

Acetonitrile is widely used in organic solvents due to its low boiling point and high density, and is commonly used in rubber processing, synthetic materials and other fields. Because of its high boiling point and stability, DCE is often used in specific areas, such as fire suppression and as a solvent.

2. Fire extinguishing application

DCE is widely used in industrial fire extinguishing systems because of its high boiling point and non-toxic characteristics. Although acetonitrile also has a fire extinguishing effect, it is not as commonly used as DCE.

3. Preparation of organochlorine compounds

DCE because of its presence of chlorine, commonly used in the manufacture of organic chlorine compounds, such as phosphorus orus oxychloride. Acetonitrile is rarely used in such reactions.

4. advantages and disadvantages comparison

1. The advantages of acetonitrile

• Acetonitrile has a low boiling point and is easy to store and transport.
• Commonly used in solvent and rubber processing and other fields.

2. DCE Advantages

• High boiling point, good stability, suitable for specific industrial applications.
• Contains chlorine, suitable for the manufacture of organic chlorine compounds.

5. conclusion

As two important chemical substances, acetonitrile and DCE have significant differences in physical properties and applications. Acetonitrile is suitable for industrial applications such as organic solvents and rubber processing, while DCE has unique advantages in fire extinguishing and preparation of organochlorine compounds. Understanding the difference between the two will help to select the appropriate substances for different industrial scenarios.