888CHEM
Reagents for the distinction between aniline and toluene
1. of Aniline and Toluene by Structural Analysis
The structural differences between aniline and toluene are mainly reflected in the positions of functional groups and substituents. The structural formula of aniline is C6H5(NH2)2, that is, two methyl groups and one amino group are connected to the benzene ring; while the structural formula of toluene is C6H5CH3, that is, a methyl group is connected to the benzene ring.
2. aniline and toluene odor
Aniline has a strong pungent odor, similar to burning hair, while toluene has a benzene-like odor. This odor difference can be used as a method of preliminary identification.
3. Aniline and Toluene Solubility
Aniline is slightly soluble in water and has low solubility in organic solvents, while toluene is soluble in water and has high solubility in organic solvents. These solubility differences can help people choose suitable solvents in practical applications.
4. Aniline and Toluene Identification Method
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bromine water identification method Aniline will react with bromine water to generate a white precipitate. The reaction formula is: [ 2NH2C6H5 Br2 → 2C6H5NHBr 2HBr ] Toluene does not react with bromine water, so bromine water is a common reagent for the identification of aniline and toluene.
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Nitrogen dioxide detector Toluene reacts with nitrogen dioxide at room temperature, and the color changes from colorless to orange yellow; while aniline does not react with nitrogen dioxide, and the color remains colorless. Therefore, the nitrogen dioxide detector is also an effective identification method.
5. Aniline and Toluene Uses
Aniline is commonly used in pharmaceutical synthesis and chemical research, while toluene is mainly used as a solvent, fragrance and rubber processing aid. Understanding the uses of these two substances can help people use and store them correctly in practical applications.
6. Aniline and Toluene Safety
Because of its strong toxicity and carcinogenicity, aniline needs to be protected when used, while toluene has low toxicity and will not cause harm to human body in most cases. Therefore, when handling these two substances, corresponding safety measures should be taken according to their nature.
From the above analysis, significant differences in structure, odor, solubility and use of aniline and toluene can be clearly seen. Mastering these identification methods can help people better identify and apply these two substances.
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