How to distinguish between benzene cyclohexane cyclohexene

In the field of chemical engineering, the distinction of molecular structure is the basic content in chemical research and engineering application. Phenylcyclohexane and cyclohexene appear to be similar, but they differ significantly in structure and properties. This article will analyze how to distinguish these two compounds in detail from the aspects of molecular structure, physical properties and chemical reactions.

1. molecular structure analysis

Structure of 1.1 benzene cyclohexane Benzene cyclohexane is a compound formed by a chemical bond between a benzene ring and hexane. Specifically, the six carbon atoms of the benzene ring are connected to the six carbon atoms of hexane through a carbon chain to form a complex molecular structure. Its molecular formula is C12H18, which has a lower density and higher stability.

Structure of 1.2 cyclohexene Cyclohexene is a cyclic compound with two double bonds, and its molecular formula is C6H8. In the cyclohexene molecule, four carbon atoms form a bicyclic structure, and the remaining two carbon atoms are connected by a double bond.

Through the analysis of molecular structure, it can be found that benzene cyclohexane and cyclohexene have significant differences in molecular formula, connection and ring structure.

2. physical property difference

2.1 � retal properties There are obvious differences in the physical properties of benzene cyclohexane and cyclohexene. Phenylcyclohexane has a high boiling point and melting point, while cyclohexene has a relatively low boiling point. Specifically, the boiling point of phenylcyclohexane is 108°C, while the boiling point of cyclohexene is only 28.1°C.

22 Solubility and color Phenylcyclohexane is slightly soluble in water, while cyclohexene is almost insoluble in water. Phenylcyclohexane appears as a colorless liquid, while cyclohexene is a colorless gas.

These differences in physical properties can be verified by simple experiments.

3. chemical properties analysis

3.1 chemical reaction characteristics The chemical reaction characteristics of benzene cyclohexane and cyclohexene are different. Phenylcyclohexane is prone to addition reactions under acidic conditions and may exhibit greater stability under alkaline conditions. Cyclohexene, on the other hand, is prone to polymerization under illumination, but may exhibit different reactivity under acidic or alkaline conditions.

3.2 reaction experiment These two compounds can be distinguished by simple experiments. For example, the addition of sulfuric acid to benzene cyclohexane causes a significant reaction, while cyclohexene does not.

4. experimental identification method

4.1 experiment of adding sulfuric acid Take a small amount of each of the two compounds and add sulfuric acid respectively. If the solution becomes cloudy, the compound can be judged to be phenylcyclohexane; if the solution does not change significantly, it is cyclohexene.

4.2 bromine water experiment The two compounds were added separately to bromine water. Benzene cyclohexane will react with bromine water, and the color of bromine water will gradually fade; while cyclohexene will not react with bromine water.

5. industrial application difference

5.1 industrial production Benzene cyclohexane and cyclohexene have different applications in industrial production. Phenylcyclohexane is commonly used in the manufacture of organic compounds, while cyclohexene is widely used in plastics, rubber and other fields.

5.2 removal of impurities In industrial production, these two compounds can be used as impurity removal reagents to help remove certain substances.

6. summary

Through the above analysis, it can be seen that the distinction between benzene cyclohexane and cyclohexene can be made from the molecular structure, physical properties, chemical reactions and other aspects. In practical applications, the selection of appropriate reagents and experimental methods can effectively achieve the identification of the two. It is hoped that the analysis of this paper will provide readers with valuable information.