How to distinguish cyclohexane aniline

Cyclohexane (Hexane) and aniline (Aniline) are two common substances in chemical production, but they have significant differences in many aspects. Cyclohexane is a colorless liquid commonly used in industrial applications such as lubricants and solvents, while aniline is a dark blue liquid commonly used in the synthesis of organic compounds. Although they are similar in appearance, their physical properties, chemical properties and reactivity are distinctly different. An understanding of these differences will help to correctly distinguish between the two substances and use them appropriately.

2. How to identify cyclohexane and aniline?

The key to the identification of cyclohexane and aniline is to observe the differences in their physical and chemical properties.

2.1 Appearance Color

Cyclohexane is a colorless transparent liquid at room temperature, while aniline is a dark blue liquid. This color difference is the most intuitive way to distinguish them. If rapid identification is required, the substance can be judged by observing the color of the liquid.

2.2 taste and smell

Cyclohexane has an odorless and non-irritating odor, while aniline has a strong irritating odor similar to the chemical odor of burning hair. You can distinguish between the two liquids by pouring them into a test tube, shaking them gently and smelling them.

22. Solubility

Cyclohexane is slightly soluble in water, while aniline is less soluble in water. If the two liquids are added separately to water, the cyclohexane is partially dissolved, while the aniline is mainly present as an organic layer. This feature can be used to aid in identification.

2.4 chemical reaction

Cyclohexane does not react with the basic solution, whereas aniline reacts with the basic solution. For example, when NaOH solution is dropped into the two liquids, aniline will react with NaOH to produce irritant gas, while cyclohexane will not react.

2.5 reactivity

The chemical reactivity of cyclohexane is low, while that of aniline is high. Under catalytic conditions, aniline is more likely to participate in organic synthesis reactions, while cyclohexane is less reactive.

3. Physical properties of the difference

Differences in the physical properties of cyclohexane and aniline can help distinguish them.

3.1 melting point and boiling point

Cyclohexane has a melting point of -95°C and a boiling point of 126°C; aniline has a melting point of -16°C and a boiling point of 181°C. Therefore, cyclohexane is liquid at room temperature, and aniline is also liquid at room temperature, but their melting points and boiling points are quite different.

3.2 density

The density of cyclohexane is 0.6g/cm³, while that of aniline is 1.02g/cm³. This means that in the liquid, the aniline will sink slightly.

3.3 flash point

Cyclohexane and aniline have flash points of about 90°C, so fire and explosion prevention measures are required during storage and operation.

4. Chemical nature of the difference

The difference in chemical properties between cyclohexane and aniline is more significant.

4.1 acidity and alkalinity

Cyclohexane is a weakly acidic substance and can react with strongly basic substances, while aniline is a weakly basic substance and can react with strongly acidic substances. This can be verified by chemical experiments.

4 Reactivity

Cyclohexane is used as a solvent in many chemical reactions and does not participate in the reaction, while aniline is easy to participate in organic chemical reactions, especially under catalytic conditions.

5. Storage and handling

Cyclohexane and aniline also differ in storage and handling.

5.1 storage conditions

Both substances should be stored in a well-ventilated, cool and dry place, away from sunlight and high temperatures. Cyclohexane needs to be protected from light and heat, while aniline also needs to be protected from light and ventilation.

5.2 Dangerous Goods Identification

Cyclohexane and aniline are flammable and should be stored and transported in accordance with the dangerous goods label. During operation, protective equipment should be worn to avoid dust inhalation.

5.3 processing method

Both cyclohexane and aniline should be handled in accordance with the chemical safety data book to avoid leakage and contact with skin or eyes. In case of leakage, it should be ventilated immediately, and then washed with soapy water after dilution.

6. Summary

Cyclohexane and aniline are two substances with similar appearance but distinct properties. By observing the physical and chemical properties such as color, odor, solubility, reactivity, and density, they can be effectively distinguished. Understanding their differences helps to use the two substances correctly in industrial production and laboratory operations and avoid potential problems caused by mixing.

Through this article, you have mastered the basic method of how to distinguish between cyclohexane and aniline. Hope this information is helpful to you! If you need further experimental verification or detailed operation guidance, please feel free to consult.