Distinguish between propanol and allyl alcohol

In the chemical industry, propanol and allyl alcohol are two common organic compounds, which have significant differences in structure and properties. The correct distinction between these two substances is very important for the balance of chemical reactions, process design and application development. This paper will analyze the difference between propanol and allyl alcohol in detail from the aspects of molecular structure, physical properties, chemical reaction and practical application.

1. molecular structure is different

1.1 PROPANOL MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

Propanol (chemical formula C≡H≡OH) is an alkane containing an alcoholic hydroxyl group. Its molecular structure is composed of three carbon atoms, the middle carbon atom is connected to two hydrogen atoms and a methyl group (-CH), and the hydroxyl group (-OH) is connected to the second carbon atom. The structural formula of propanol can be represented as CH(OH)CH(OH)CH.

1

Does the molecular structure of propanol contain a double bond? -- A: There is no double bond in the molecular structure of propanol, it is a saturated alkanol compound.

1.2 the molecular structure of allyl alcohol

Allyl alcohol (chemical formula CH₂ = CHCH₂ OH) is an enol compound containing a double bond. Its molecular structure has a double bond attached to the second carbon atom, and the hydroxyl group (-OH) is attached to the same carbon atom as the double bond. The structural formula of allyl alcohol can be expressed as CH₂ = CHCH₂ OH.

2

Is there a double bond in allyl alcohol? -- A: There is a double bond in allyl alcohol, which is the key feature that distinguishes it from propanol.

2. physical property differences

2.1 boiling point difference

The boiling point of propanol is 150.2°C, while the boiling point of allyl alcohol is higher, about 128°C, but in some cases, allyl alcohol will decompose or polymerize at high temperatures, so it is necessary to pay attention to its boiling point data in practical applications.

3

What is the difference between the boiling points of propanol and allyl alcohol?-A: The boiling point of propanol is 150.2°C, while the boiling point of allyl alcohol is about 128°C, and the boiling point of propanol is higher.

2.2 density difference

Propanol has a density of 0.598g/cm³, while allyl alcohol has a slightly higher density of about 0.600g/cm³. This slight density difference can have an impact in some industrial applications.

4

What is the difference between the density of propanol and allyl alcohol?-A: The density of propanol is 0.598g/cm³, while the density of allyl alcohol is about 0.600g/cm³, and allyl alcohol is slightly denser.

3. chemical differences

3.1 oxidation reactions differ

Propanol can be oxidized in oxygen to form acetaldehyde and carbon dioxide. The chemical equation of its oxidation reaction is: CH₃CH(OH)CH₃ O₂ → CO₂ H₂O The oxidation of allyl alcohol is more complex, usually requiring catalysts and higher temperatures. The chemical equation of its oxidation reaction is: CH₂ = CHCH₂ OH O₂ → carbon dioxide water (specific product to be determined according to reaction conditions)

5

What is the difference between the oxidation reactions of propanol and allyl alcohol? -- Answer: The oxidation reaction of propanol can be carried out in oxygen, while the oxidation reaction of allyl alcohol is more complicated, usually requiring a catalyst and a higher temperature.