Understand what benzoyl chloride is and its use

What is benzoyl chloride and its use?

Benzoyl chloride (Benzoyl Chloride) is an important organic compound with the chemical formula of C and H and COCl, which belongs to the acid chloride compound. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor and is widely used in the chemical industry, medicine, pesticides, dyes, spices and other fields. In this paper, the properties, preparation methods and main uses of benzoyl chloride are introduced in detail.

Physicochemical properties of 1. benzoyl chloride

benzoyl chloride is a colorless and transparent liquid with a density of 1.23g/cm³, a melting point of -54.7°C and a boiling point of 180°C. It is readily soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether and chloroform, and slightly soluble in water. Benzoyl chloride is sensitive to light and moisture, and is prone to hydrolysis to generate benzoic acid and hydrogen chloride.

Preparation method of 2. benzoyl chloride

there are two main methods for the preparation of benzoyl chloride:

1. direct chlorination method: benzoic acid is reacted with thionyl chloride (SOCl₂) or phosphorus chloride (POCl) at high temperature to generate benzoyl chloride and corresponding by-products.

2. Benzoic acid chlorination method: benzoic acid is reacted with dry chlorine gas in the presence of light or catalyst to generate benzoyl chloride.

Both of these methods are commonly used in the industry, and the direct chlorination method is more common because of its simple process and low cost.

Main use of 3. benzoyl chloride

because of its unique chemical properties, benzoyl chloride is widely used in many fields:

1. medical field:

• benzoyl chloride is an important intermediate in the preparation of anticoagulant drugs, such as coumarin anticoagulants.
• It is also used in the synthesis of anti-tumor drugs, such as methotrexate.

1. Pesticide field:

• benzoyl chloride is an important intermediate for many insecticides and herbicides. For example, it is used in the synthesis of pyrethroid insecticides.

1. field of dyes and fragrances:

• benzoyl chloride is used in the synthesis of a variety of dyes and fragrances, such as for the manufacture of azo dyes and vanillin.

1. surface active agent:

• benzoyl chloride can be used in the synthesis of surfactants such as benzoyloxyethyl sulfate and the like.

1. material synthesis:

• benzoyl chloride also has important applications in polymer synthesis, for example for the synthesis of materials such as polyamides and polyesters.

Safety and Storage of 4. Benzoyl Chloride

due to the strong irritation and toxicity of benzoyl chloride, special attention should be paid to safety when used. It has a strong irritating effect on the eyes and skin, and may cause respiratory discomfort after inhalation. Therefore, protective equipment such as gloves, masks and goggles should be worn during use.

Benzoyl chloride should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated place, away from fire and moisture. Due to its sensitivity to moisture, ensure that the packaging is sealed during storage.

5. Summary

as an important organic compound, benzoyl chloride is widely used in medicine, pesticide, dye, spice and other fields. Its preparation method is simple and versatile, and it is an indispensable intermediate in the chemical industry. With the progress of science and technology, the application field of benzoyl chloride will be further expanded, and its importance will be more prominent. In the process of use, we still need to pay attention to its toxicity and danger, to ensure safe operation and storage.

Through the introduction of this article, we have a comprehensive understanding of the properties, preparation methods and uses of benzoyl chloride. It is hoped that this article can provide reference for the research and application in related fields.