How to distinguish cyclohexanone cyclohexanol

In the chemical industry, cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol are two compounds that are often confused. Although they are very similar in molecular structure, there are significant differences in physical properties, chemical properties and practical applications. This article will analyze in depth from multiple perspectives to help readers clearly distinguish between these two substances.

1. molecular structure is different

1. Structure of cyclohexanone Cyclohexanone is a six-membered ring compound with the chemical formula C6H10O. In the molecular structure, one carbon atom is replaced by a dioxygen group (O). Specifically, the structure of cyclohexanone is a six-membered ring, in which four carbon atoms are connected to form a planar ring, and two oxygen atoms are respectively connected on both sides of the ring to form a ketone group (C = O). This structure makes the cyclohexanone symmetric and the intermolecular interaction force is relatively large.

2. Structure of cyclohexanol The chemical formula of cyclohexanol is C6H12O. Compared with cyclohexanone, there is no ketone group (C = O) in the molecular structure of cyclohexanol, but a hydroxyl group (-OH) replaces a carbon atom on the ring. Therefore, the structure of cyclohexanol has asymmetry, and the intermolecular interaction force is weak.

2. physical property differences

1. Density The density of cyclohexanone is 0.811g/cm³, while the density of cyclohexanol is 0,810g/cm³. The two are very close, but the density of cyclohexanone is slightly greater. This small density difference may not be obvious in practice, but it is one of the important bases to distinguish between the two in professional analysis.

2. Solubility and Solubility The solubility of cyclohexanone in water is low, about 0.111g/100mL, but its solubility in organic solvents is high, especially ether solvents. The solubility of cyclohexanol in water is slightly higher, about 0.152g/100mL, but the solubility in organic solvents is also better.

3. melting point and boiling point Cyclohexanone has a melting point of 126.06°C and a boiling point of 166.10°C; cyclohexanol has a melting point of 80.98°C and a boiling point of 166.13°C. From the point of view of the melting point, the melting point of cyclohexanone is higher, indicating that its intermolecular force is strong; and the melting point of cyclohexanol is lower, indicating that its intermolecular force is weak.

3. Solubility and Solubility

The solubility of cyclohexanone is low in both water and organic solvents, but the solubility of cyclohexanol in water is slightly high. The solubility of cyclohexanone in ethanol is about 0.128g/100mL, while the solubility of cyclohexanol in ethanol is about 0.204g/100mL. This small difference may also be reflected in practical applications.

3. Chemical Properties Comparison

1. reactivity Cyclohexanone has high reactivity because it has a ketone structure and is prone to chemical reactions such as addition and condensation. Cyclohexanol, on the other hand, has relatively low reactivity due to the absence of ketone groups.

2. acidic and alkaline In solution, cyclohexanone is less acidic and cyclohexanol is more acidic. The pH value of cyclohexanol in water is low and weakly acidic, while cyclohexanone is neutral or weakly acidic.

3. mutual solubility with water Cyclohexanone has poor miscibility with water, but good miscibility with organic solvents. The miscibility of cyclohexanol with water is also poor, but with organic soluble product manager slightly better than cyclohexanone.

4. Application Areas Differentiation

1. Industrial Applications Cyclohexanone is commonly used in the production of polymers, spices and additives and other industrial products. Cyclohexanol is widely used in pharmaceutical, food additives and solvents and other fields.

2. biological activity Because of its keto structure, cyclohexanone is easy to combine with some enzymes or receptors in vivo, and has certain biological activity, which is often used in drug development. Cyclohexanol is mainly used as a solvent or chemical synthesis raw material, less directly involved in the biological activity process.

5. identification method

1. physical identification method By measuring the density, melting point, boiling point and other physical properties to identify. The density of cyclohexanone is slightly higher than that of cyclohexanol, the melting point is higher, and the boiling point is slightly higher.

2. solubility identification method Solubility tests were performed in water or organic solvents. The solubility of cyclohexanone is slightly lower than that of cyclohexanol, but the solubility in some organic solvents may be higher.

3. chemical identification method Identification is by acid-base reaction or reaction with specific reagents. For example, cyclohexanone can react with sodium, while cyclohexanol is inactive.

4. **spectroscopy** Molecular structure analysis was performed by techniques such as infrared spectroscopy or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to further confirm the difference between the two.

Conclusion

There are significant differences between cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol in molecular structure, physical properties, chemical properties and practical applications. As professionals in the chemical industry, the correct distinction between these two substances is essential for raw material selection, process design and product quality control. Through in-depth analysis of their structures, properties and applications, these two compounds can be used more efficiently, laying the foundation for the production of high-quality products.